mRNA Hello Greeting Card

Transcriptional control is the regulation of gene expression through a combination of transcription factors, RNA polymerase, and specific DNA elements known as promoters, enhancers, silencers, and locus-control elements. This process results in the production of pre-mRNA, which undergoes processing to become a functional mRNA. This includes splicing out introns, adding a 5' cap and a 3' poly(A) tail, and potentially editing the mRNA sequence. The final mRNA molecule in eukaryotes has three parts: a 5' untranslated region (5' UTR), a coding region with triplet codons encoding amino acids, and a 3' untranslated region (3' UTR). The rapid authorization of two mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccines just 11 months after the discovery of the virus highlights the potential of mRNA technology. So far, most mRNA applications have focused on vaccines for infectious diseases and cancer, which can be effective with low doses and local delivery due to the innate immune-stimulating properties of some mRNA. Th